The three most used materials are: sand, used in filtration, is a natural material, silica, from rivers, natural deposits, dunes or obtained from marine pebbles. Its actual density is from about 2.5 to 2.7. Sharp sand is obtained by a career flint grinding or sea pebbles, followed by washing, drying and sieving. It presents angular grains, favor the retention of particles during the filtration (portable water purifiers for survival).
In case where it is necessary to perform a removal of coarse solids thrust not settleable and suspended solids do not sediment is expected next to grilling also a sieving (or screening) or a microstacciatura. This type of intervention is normally alternative to primary sedimentation and also is also used for the removal of algae and plankton. The sieve consists of rotating cylinder (drum or noria) stainless steel horizontal axis, closed at its ends and partially immersed in a tank, on which is mounted a metal mesh also made of stainless material.
The waters seeps through the network inside the cylinder and is sent to subsequent treatments, while the material is retained on its surface.
In rotation, a portion of drum emerges allowing to free the network from the materials retained by the waters spray. The washing waters is collected in a gutter and sent to sludge line. Sieves and microstacci are constructively similar, differing only in size of holes of filter screens. The passage openings can even a few millimeters so the treatment is more efficient for the fine screening.
Stokes' law is valid for spherical particles whose size does not exceed 0.1 mm. As a first approximation, it is applied to any sedimentary particles of small size (sand, silt, clay). One of simplest techniques for settling is static settling for example with a vertical clarifier. Power is supplied from the bottom, the particles sediment and may be recovered at the bottom of cone, while the treated waters is discharged from the top by overflow. The sedimentation rate is unfortunately generally low.
However, the fact that the waters is by nature a solvent makes it somewhat problematic the effective elimination of many unwanted substances. The waters is put into a tank head from which it originated the system of waters supply - drinking. The interventions of this type are provided, when necessary, upstream of treatment processes of waters purification real, and allow the removal of materials and substances which by their nature and size are likely to damage the equipment and compromise the efficiency of subsequent treatment stages.
The screening aims to retain coarse solids non settleable (branches, leaves, rags, plastic, etc.) And solid coarse sediment (gravel, etc.). Among these materials Coarse including the possible fauna of waters body (fish). The grilling is adopted in all the patterns of surface waters treatment, and in this case is placed upstream of other treatments.
This law is valid for strictly spherical particles immersed in a liquid at rest and at constant temperature where the downward motion is not influenced neither by the presence of other particles or from the container walls. The sedimentation is carried out in special tanks, called decanters, within which the waters moves in a laminar flow as possible for a time sufficient to allow the sedimentation of heavier particles.
In case where it is necessary to perform a removal of coarse solids thrust not settleable and suspended solids do not sediment is expected next to grilling also a sieving (or screening) or a microstacciatura. This type of intervention is normally alternative to primary sedimentation and also is also used for the removal of algae and plankton. The sieve consists of rotating cylinder (drum or noria) stainless steel horizontal axis, closed at its ends and partially immersed in a tank, on which is mounted a metal mesh also made of stainless material.
The waters seeps through the network inside the cylinder and is sent to subsequent treatments, while the material is retained on its surface.
In rotation, a portion of drum emerges allowing to free the network from the materials retained by the waters spray. The washing waters is collected in a gutter and sent to sludge line. Sieves and microstacci are constructively similar, differing only in size of holes of filter screens. The passage openings can even a few millimeters so the treatment is more efficient for the fine screening.
Stokes' law is valid for spherical particles whose size does not exceed 0.1 mm. As a first approximation, it is applied to any sedimentary particles of small size (sand, silt, clay). One of simplest techniques for settling is static settling for example with a vertical clarifier. Power is supplied from the bottom, the particles sediment and may be recovered at the bottom of cone, while the treated waters is discharged from the top by overflow. The sedimentation rate is unfortunately generally low.
However, the fact that the waters is by nature a solvent makes it somewhat problematic the effective elimination of many unwanted substances. The waters is put into a tank head from which it originated the system of waters supply - drinking. The interventions of this type are provided, when necessary, upstream of treatment processes of waters purification real, and allow the removal of materials and substances which by their nature and size are likely to damage the equipment and compromise the efficiency of subsequent treatment stages.
The screening aims to retain coarse solids non settleable (branches, leaves, rags, plastic, etc.) And solid coarse sediment (gravel, etc.). Among these materials Coarse including the possible fauna of waters body (fish). The grilling is adopted in all the patterns of surface waters treatment, and in this case is placed upstream of other treatments.
This law is valid for strictly spherical particles immersed in a liquid at rest and at constant temperature where the downward motion is not influenced neither by the presence of other particles or from the container walls. The sedimentation is carried out in special tanks, called decanters, within which the waters moves in a laminar flow as possible for a time sufficient to allow the sedimentation of heavier particles.
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